What are the most common sclerotherapy side effects?
There are some possible side effects of treatment include concomitant sclerotherapy, which include:
Nettle or pain at the injection site, swelling of the ankles or legs, or muscle spasms. These usually disappear within 10 to 15 minutes after the injection.
Red, raised dots in places each injection. This should be used within one or two days away, but if the process was wrong and saline solution was injected into the skin and not into a vein, can be held firmly.
Bruising at the site where the needle penetrated the skin. These fade and disappear within a few weeks.
Occasionally a small blood clot develops in a vein injection, can cause pain. If the vein is large and filled with blood clots, a dermatologist may choose to channel the blood from these areas, several weeks after the injection.
Brown lines or spots on the skin at the site of treatment can be addressed through the development of leakage of blood vein. It is more likely in the larger veins, in most cases they disappear within a year. This is a common sclerotherapy side effect.
Red, or the development of a group of fine red blood vessels near the site of injection of larger vessels. Approximately one third of all patients develop red, most disappear on their own, but some modified. Laser therapy is an effective method to treat these secondary vein.
Inflammation of blood vessels treated. When inflammation occurs, is 's easy to treat with aspirin, antibiotics or heating pads.
As with most elective invasive procedures pregnant women should not undergo sclerotherapy. And since salt injection diagnosed contain large quantities of salt with high blood pressure and heart failure sclerotherapy should be avoided. Women with bleeding disorders such as lupus, or deep vein thrombosis should avoid the treatment as well as women with a history of abortion. Some sclerotherapy side effects may be harmful for women in pregnancy.
Pokazywanie postów oznaczonych etykietą heart. Pokaż wszystkie posty
Pokazywanie postów oznaczonych etykietą heart. Pokaż wszystkie posty
poniedziałek, 11 stycznia 2010
Vein stripping and ligation
Vein stripping and ligation - What is it?
Vein ligation and stripping is a minor surgical procedure. Used to remove a damaged vein and prevent complications of vein damage. If several valves, arteries and veins themselves badly damaged vein (or ill part of the vein) is (deleted) away. The cut is below the vein, a flexible instrument is made to cut into a vein on the first thread, and the vein is grasped and removed.
During this process, one or more sections through the damaged blood vessels, veins, tied (ligated). If the ligation cuts a defective valve and the vein and valves below the faulty valve are healthy, a vein may be left to continue circulating blood through other veins, the valves, which have worked well.
Vein stripping and ligation typically do not remain in the hospital and will be conducted on an outpatient basis with regional or general anesthesia. Most people go home the same day of his surgery. Most likely you will be able to work again within a few days. After a few weeks you can return to normal leisure and recreational facilities.
Vein stripping and ligation is usually performed on large varicose veins. Can also be done to prevent the skin of venous ulcer treatment.
In examining the location of varicose vein problems, vein ligation and stripping surgery removes varicose veins and determined to prevent their return in 9 out of 10 people. 1 stripping can prevent venous ulcers of the skin return. According to one study, 28% of people using only compression therapy to another ulcer. People who have vein stripping surgery and compression therapy have only 14% of them with other ulcer.
Vein ligation and stripping surgery has some risks such as scarring and varicose veins recur. Also, if the deep vein system is damaged, it can be problems with the operation of blood flow in the veins worse. Varicose vein surgery is associated with the same risks associated with general surgery, including infection, bleeding, numbness, and risks.
In the past, eliminate the interest to a great saphenous vein as the vein is often used as a substitute for, or bypass graft arteries in the heart of a person. Doctors believe that there is no reason to strip the GSV in the leg, if necessary. If the vein is badly damaged, it will not work as good as a vein graft. Can, in most cases, the blood vessels from the chest (mammary artery) are used in heart bypass surgery instead of GSV. If necessary, can be used arm vein.
Stripping operation is rare for people who conducted themselves in a chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), deep veins of the problems and varicose veins. ) Removal of varicose veins near the surface of the skin (superficial varicose veins can lead to problems when they are damaged, the deep leg veins. When this process has received an opinion of the vascular specialist to consider.
See also: Angioplasty recovery time
Vein ligation and stripping is a minor surgical procedure. Used to remove a damaged vein and prevent complications of vein damage. If several valves, arteries and veins themselves badly damaged vein (or ill part of the vein) is (deleted) away. The cut is below the vein, a flexible instrument is made to cut into a vein on the first thread, and the vein is grasped and removed.
During this process, one or more sections through the damaged blood vessels, veins, tied (ligated). If the ligation cuts a defective valve and the vein and valves below the faulty valve are healthy, a vein may be left to continue circulating blood through other veins, the valves, which have worked well.
Vein stripping and ligation typically do not remain in the hospital and will be conducted on an outpatient basis with regional or general anesthesia. Most people go home the same day of his surgery. Most likely you will be able to work again within a few days. After a few weeks you can return to normal leisure and recreational facilities.
Vein stripping and ligation is usually performed on large varicose veins. Can also be done to prevent the skin of venous ulcer treatment.
In examining the location of varicose vein problems, vein ligation and stripping surgery removes varicose veins and determined to prevent their return in 9 out of 10 people. 1 stripping can prevent venous ulcers of the skin return. According to one study, 28% of people using only compression therapy to another ulcer. People who have vein stripping surgery and compression therapy have only 14% of them with other ulcer.
Vein ligation and stripping surgery has some risks such as scarring and varicose veins recur. Also, if the deep vein system is damaged, it can be problems with the operation of blood flow in the veins worse. Varicose vein surgery is associated with the same risks associated with general surgery, including infection, bleeding, numbness, and risks.
In the past, eliminate the interest to a great saphenous vein as the vein is often used as a substitute for, or bypass graft arteries in the heart of a person. Doctors believe that there is no reason to strip the GSV in the leg, if necessary. If the vein is badly damaged, it will not work as good as a vein graft. Can, in most cases, the blood vessels from the chest (mammary artery) are used in heart bypass surgery instead of GSV. If necessary, can be used arm vein.
Stripping operation is rare for people who conducted themselves in a chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), deep veins of the problems and varicose veins. ) Removal of varicose veins near the surface of the skin (superficial varicose veins can lead to problems when they are damaged, the deep leg veins. When this process has received an opinion of the vascular specialist to consider.
See also: Angioplasty recovery time
Angioplasty recovery time
How much time is needed to fully recover from angioplasty procedure?
In maximum cases, in a hospital recovery time for angioplasty, one or two days. During this recovery period in hospital the patient by health care professionals will be closely monitored. Patients are invited to certain measures such as increasing fluid intake and keeps his hands and feet in a straight position to follow in order to avoid complications.
IV drugs can be maintained to ensure that no clotting. This person will also notice bruising in the area in which the inserted catheter (thin flexible tube). The area around the dent will feel pain for several days. Although not quite a serious problem, the person must ensure that the section is protected.
If any sign of infection is seen, it would be wiser to consult the doctor before requesting further complications. In the case of simple angioplasty, which was possible after receipt of the risk of heart attack into account the angioplasty recovery time is about one week.
The patient could return to their daily routine for a specified period of regeneration. But if it is performed after a heart attack, angioplasty surgery recovery period of several days in which the patient will have the effect of specific rehabilitation program recommended by your doctor undergone extended.
If the patient is discharged, will be set angioplasty tips for the care as part of angioplasty recovery at home.
In maximum cases, in a hospital recovery time for angioplasty, one or two days. During this recovery period in hospital the patient by health care professionals will be closely monitored. Patients are invited to certain measures such as increasing fluid intake and keeps his hands and feet in a straight position to follow in order to avoid complications.
IV drugs can be maintained to ensure that no clotting. This person will also notice bruising in the area in which the inserted catheter (thin flexible tube). The area around the dent will feel pain for several days. Although not quite a serious problem, the person must ensure that the section is protected.
If any sign of infection is seen, it would be wiser to consult the doctor before requesting further complications. In the case of simple angioplasty, which was possible after receipt of the risk of heart attack into account the angioplasty recovery time is about one week.
The patient could return to their daily routine for a specified period of regeneration. But if it is performed after a heart attack, angioplasty surgery recovery period of several days in which the patient will have the effect of specific rehabilitation program recommended by your doctor undergone extended.
If the patient is discharged, will be set angioplasty tips for the care as part of angioplasty recovery at home.
niedziela, 10 stycznia 2010
Cardio - Cardiac stress test
Cardio stress test is a medical test that indirectly reflects arterial blood flow to the heart during exercise. Compared with the blood flow at rest, the test reflects the differences in blood flow to the heart's are the left ventricular muscle tissue - part of the heart, which leads the largest amount of work pumping blood. Cardio test results can be interpreted as a reflection of the person's general physical condition. First standardized cardiac stress test developed in 1929 by Arthur Master, a doctor at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York. The patient is either on the treadmill and is given by intravenous (iv) administered drugs, the performance associated with electrocardiogram (EKG) machine, usually with 10 standard connection used to simulate the record 12-lead ECG. The amount of exercise is increased in 3 minutes stages gradually increased grade (% incline) and speed (km / h km / h, etc.). Patient's symptoms and blood pressure checked again. With the use of ECG and blood pressure monitoring, testing itself is variously described as a cardiac stress test, stress test, exercise robots to test resilience to stress test or stress test ECG. In some patients with abnormal resting ECG, or those who do not have to make sure "practice " pharmacologically place to treadmill walking. The patient usually receives the drug dipyridamole or adenosine (both vasodilators) or dobutamine (which stimulates the heart rate and pumping strength), while the cardiologist or nurse of ECG monitoring, surveillance and blood pressure regularly.
Radioactive (generally, the technetium-99m sestamibi or thallium-201) injection in the simulated exercises. After a reasonable wait time images are captured with a gamma camera were. Photos will be judged by the patients in comparison's pictures in silence over the status of the patient's coronary arteries. If the radionuclides are used, is usually as a nuclear stress test. Since the ability to visualize the relative amounts of radioisotopes in the heart muscle to have the nuclear stress testing to identify more precisely to regional areas of decreased blood flow. However, diffuse flow global ischemia (blood, which is reduced uniformly distributed), can not recognize as an absolute blood flow is not measured quantitatively, but only regional differences.
See also aerobic capacity definition.
Radioactive (generally, the technetium-99m sestamibi or thallium-201) injection in the simulated exercises. After a reasonable wait time images are captured with a gamma camera were. Photos will be judged by the patients in comparison's pictures in silence over the status of the patient's coronary arteries. If the radionuclides are used, is usually as a nuclear stress test. Since the ability to visualize the relative amounts of radioisotopes in the heart muscle to have the nuclear stress testing to identify more precisely to regional areas of decreased blood flow. However, diffuse flow global ischemia (blood, which is reduced uniformly distributed), can not recognize as an absolute blood flow is not measured quantitatively, but only regional differences.
See also aerobic capacity definition.
sobota, 9 stycznia 2010
Polar fs2 heart rate monitor watch review
To achieve its goals, achieve fitness, you must exercise at the right intensity. The stylish Polar FS2 heart rate monitor (HRM) helps you quickly and accurately measure your heart rate to help you at the right intensity or your exertion level. This basic HRM features added stopwatch and time-of-day watch features, extra-large digits for easy readability, and one-button functions. It is also the date of implementation.
Polar fs2 heart rate monitor watch is water resistant to 50 meters and has a convenient backlight. Display features (in beats per minute, or bmp): * ECG accurate heart rate zone * Manual is equipped with Polar OwnCode ensure the unwanted signals from other heart rate monitors, trouble-free transmission of data in heart rate. Simple and accurate measurement of heart rate monitor. Polar \ 's FS2 helps you monitor and record heart rate and much more. Great price for a great watch.
It comes with a transmitter belt. FEATURES: Wireless ECG accurate heart rate. Visual target zone alarm. Target zone audible alarm. Maximum heart rate of total output.The average heart rate of total output. Date of exercise. Exercise Time (total). Average heart rate. Heart rate (beats per minute). Visual and audible alarm in target areas. Backlight. Date and weekday indicator. Stopwatch.
Polar fs2 heart rate monitor watch is water resistant to 50 meters and has a convenient backlight. Display features (in beats per minute, or bmp): * ECG accurate heart rate zone * Manual is equipped with Polar OwnCode ensure the unwanted signals from other heart rate monitors, trouble-free transmission of data in heart rate. Simple and accurate measurement of heart rate monitor. Polar \ 's FS2 helps you monitor and record heart rate and much more. Great price for a great watch.
It comes with a transmitter belt. FEATURES: Wireless ECG accurate heart rate. Visual target zone alarm. Target zone audible alarm. Maximum heart rate of total output.The average heart rate of total output. Date of exercise. Exercise Time (total). Average heart rate. Heart rate (beats per minute). Visual and audible alarm in target areas. Backlight. Date and weekday indicator. Stopwatch.
Polar rs200 heart rate monitor
The best Polar rs200 heart rate monitor review on the web!
Ready for your first marathon? Polar RS200 heart rate monitor your event countdown timer among many other functions that you remain on track for race day to help. RS200 monitor your heart rate, calories burned, exercise date and the target zone, so you can run the most of your workout. Interval trainer at the RS200 lets you create and name your favorite exercise on the basis of time and heart rate of up to three linked timers and up to three target zones. Speaking of target zones, this Polar heart rate monitor when you say 've make your visually and acoustically.
Ready for your first marathon? Polar RS200 heart rate monitor your event countdown timer among many other functions that you remain on track for race day to help. RS200 monitor your heart rate, calories burned, exercise date and the target zone, so you can run the most of your workout. Interval trainer at the RS200 lets you create and name your favorite exercise on the basis of time and heart rate of up to three linked timers and up to three target zones. Speaking of target zones, this Polar heart rate monitor when you say 've make your visually and acoustically.
Auscultation and percussion
Test consists of a visual examination of the abdomen with a note on the shape of the abdomen, skin lesions, abdominal masses and abdominal wall movement with breathing. Anomalies for the review to provide evidence of intra-abdominal pathology, they are further examined in listening and probing. Abdominal auscultation is performed to detect bowel sounds, polished or vascular bruits. Normal peristalsis produces sounds that can be changed or missing disease. Sound irritated serosal can rub produce than the body against serosal surface. Atherosclerosis can alter the arterial blood flow so that produces bruit.
An examination of the abdomen is palpation of crepitus of the abdominal wall of each abdomen or abdominal masses. Liver and kidney damage can be felt in normal people, but all other masses are not normal.
The abdomen is inspected by positioning the patient supine on the examining table or bed. Head and knees should be supported with a small pillow or folded sheets for comfort and relaxation of abdominal muscles. The entire abdomen should be examined, and curtains should be so placed. Patient's arm was folded on both sides, and not behind the head, since the time of the abdominal wall.
Firstly, the general contours of the abdominal wall is observed. The draft was to stretch carefully and note that an extension should be generalized or localized to the abdomen. It should also be examined, opened all the wings.
Abdominal skin should be carefully checked for changes. Each color identified as a bluish color of the umbilicus (Cullen 's sign) or flanks (Turner Gray ' s sign). The skin should be examined streaks or stretch marks and surgical scars. Careful note of surgical scar should be correlated with the patient 's recollection of the previous operation. This is done by pressing together the tip of the index finger is compressed, visible veins. Fingers then slid apart, maintaining compression, produces an empty vein segment between the toes. Finger is removed from one end of a vein monitored for completion. The process is then repeated, but from the opposite finger and the vein re-check transactions. Obstruction of the inferior vena cava causes a change in flow rate in the lower abdomen. In addition to these major enlarged veins should be noted, any spider made Angioma abdominal skin. It is necessary to inspect the abdomen for the masses. This should be done from different angles. It is important to distinguish the abdominal wall by intra-abdominal masses. The weight of the abdominal wall is more prominent with the tightening of abdominal muscles, while intra-abdominal mass is less and less noticeable, or disappear. Abdominal wall masses, most hernias (either umbilical cord, abdominal pain, scarring or Spieghel), (neoplasms benign, malignant), infections and hematomas.
An examination of the abdomen is palpation of crepitus of the abdominal wall of each abdomen or abdominal masses. Liver and kidney damage can be felt in normal people, but all other masses are not normal.
The abdomen is inspected by positioning the patient supine on the examining table or bed. Head and knees should be supported with a small pillow or folded sheets for comfort and relaxation of abdominal muscles. The entire abdomen should be examined, and curtains should be so placed. Patient's arm was folded on both sides, and not behind the head, since the time of the abdominal wall.
Firstly, the general contours of the abdominal wall is observed. The draft was to stretch carefully and note that an extension should be generalized or localized to the abdomen. It should also be examined, opened all the wings.
Abdominal skin should be carefully checked for changes. Each color identified as a bluish color of the umbilicus (Cullen 's sign) or flanks (Turner Gray ' s sign). The skin should be examined streaks or stretch marks and surgical scars. Careful note of surgical scar should be correlated with the patient 's recollection of the previous operation. This is done by pressing together the tip of the index finger is compressed, visible veins. Fingers then slid apart, maintaining compression, produces an empty vein segment between the toes. Finger is removed from one end of a vein monitored for completion. The process is then repeated, but from the opposite finger and the vein re-check transactions. Obstruction of the inferior vena cava causes a change in flow rate in the lower abdomen. In addition to these major enlarged veins should be noted, any spider made Angioma abdominal skin. It is necessary to inspect the abdomen for the masses. This should be done from different angles. It is important to distinguish the abdominal wall by intra-abdominal masses. The weight of the abdominal wall is more prominent with the tightening of abdominal muscles, while intra-abdominal mass is less and less noticeable, or disappear. Abdominal wall masses, most hernias (either umbilical cord, abdominal pain, scarring or Spieghel), (neoplasms benign, malignant), infections and hematomas.
Cardiac gallop
What is considered a cardiac gallop?
Gallop rhythm refers to the (usually abnormal) rhythm of the heart to hear. consists of three or four notes, like a gallop. Normal heart rhythm contains two audible heart sounds as S1 and S2, which give well-known "lub-dub \" rhythm, caused by closing of valves in the heart.
Gallop rhythm has a different sound that comes as an S3 or S4, depending on where in the cycle, added the sound. There are four sounds can be both a gallop, and in situations of very fast heart rate is a summary of the S3 and S4 gallop, where produce is as close as not to be distinguished.
What cardiac gallop means in health terms?
Gallop rhythm can by young people be heard, or sports, but it can also be a symptom of serious heart problems such as heart failure.
Gallop rhythm refers to the (usually abnormal) rhythm of the heart to hear. consists of three or four notes, like a gallop. Normal heart rhythm contains two audible heart sounds as S1 and S2, which give well-known "lub-dub \" rhythm, caused by closing of valves in the heart.
Gallop rhythm has a different sound that comes as an S3 or S4, depending on where in the cycle, added the sound. There are four sounds can be both a gallop, and in situations of very fast heart rate is a summary of the S3 and S4 gallop, where produce is as close as not to be distinguished.
What cardiac gallop means in health terms?
Gallop rhythm can by young people be heard, or sports, but it can also be a symptom of serious heart problems such as heart failure.
Cardiogenic shock treatment.
You may also want to look at our cardiogenic shock case study to get more detailed information regarding cardiogenic shock treatment.
Cardiogenic shock is by reducing the pumping of the heart, causing shocklike state (ie, global hypoperfusion). Most frequently occurs in conjunction with, and as a direct result of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Like other states, shock, cardiogenic shock, is considered a clinical diagnosis by reducing the excretion of urine, change tion characterized, and hypotension. Other clinical characteristics include jugular venous distension, cardiac gallop, and pulmonary edema.
Role of prehospital Care in cardiogenic shock treatment.
Pre-hospital care is in the further reduction of ischemia and shock will. * All patients require intravenous access, administration of high-flow oxygen masks and monitoring of cardiac function.
Twelve-lead ECG can be performed in the field by appropriately trained health care professionals in decreasing the door to PCI times and / or thrombolytics because acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction can be detected early help. ED, and therefore may be possible to alert and mobilize resources.
Inotropic drugs should be considered in systems with trained nurses into consideration. If clinically indicated, positive pressure ventilation and intubation should be performed. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) or Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) support can be seen in specially equipped systems.
Role of ED in treatment of cardiogenic shock.
ED treatment of cardiogenic shock is on target to have the diagnosis and prevent further ischemia, and the treatment of the underlying cause. The treatment of the underlying cause is focused on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in coronary reperfusion. This is best achieved with a rapid transfer of patients to cardiac catheterization laboratory.
Doctors should be the fact that studies have shown SHOCK aware that a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft, treatment options and has been shown to significantly reduce the mortality rate after 1 year. PCI should be started within 90 minutes presentation, but still useful as an acute intervention within 12 hours after the presentation. If such equipment is not immediately available, should be considered as thrombolytics. However, this treatment is the second best. Increased mortality is seen in situations where thrombolytics are used, instead of PCI. This is due to the relative ineffectiveness of thrombolytic therapy are to clot lysis in situations of low blood pressure.
Cardiogenic shock is by reducing the pumping of the heart, causing shocklike state (ie, global hypoperfusion). Most frequently occurs in conjunction with, and as a direct result of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Like other states, shock, cardiogenic shock, is considered a clinical diagnosis by reducing the excretion of urine, change tion characterized, and hypotension. Other clinical characteristics include jugular venous distension, cardiac gallop, and pulmonary edema.
Role of prehospital Care in cardiogenic shock treatment.
Pre-hospital care is in the further reduction of ischemia and shock will. * All patients require intravenous access, administration of high-flow oxygen masks and monitoring of cardiac function.
Twelve-lead ECG can be performed in the field by appropriately trained health care professionals in decreasing the door to PCI times and / or thrombolytics because acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction can be detected early help. ED, and therefore may be possible to alert and mobilize resources.
Inotropic drugs should be considered in systems with trained nurses into consideration. If clinically indicated, positive pressure ventilation and intubation should be performed. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) or Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) support can be seen in specially equipped systems.
Role of ED in treatment of cardiogenic shock.
ED treatment of cardiogenic shock is on target to have the diagnosis and prevent further ischemia, and the treatment of the underlying cause. The treatment of the underlying cause is focused on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in coronary reperfusion. This is best achieved with a rapid transfer of patients to cardiac catheterization laboratory.
Doctors should be the fact that studies have shown SHOCK aware that a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft, treatment options and has been shown to significantly reduce the mortality rate after 1 year. PCI should be started within 90 minutes presentation, but still useful as an acute intervention within 12 hours after the presentation. If such equipment is not immediately available, should be considered as thrombolytics. However, this treatment is the second best. Increased mortality is seen in situations where thrombolytics are used, instead of PCI. This is due to the relative ineffectiveness of thrombolytic therapy are to clot lysis in situations of low blood pressure.
Cardiovascular system for kids
Article about Cardiovascular system written especialy for kids.
Cardiovascular system (also called the cardiovascular system) is a network, the blood to the body's own tissues. With each heartbeat sends blood through our body, carrying oxygen and nutrients into our cells. Every day about 10 liters (5) liters of blood in the body to travel many times through about 60,000 miles (96,560 km), the blood vessels that branch and cross, whereby the cells in our bodies and body parts. Of hard-working heart of our thickest arteries, capillaries so thin that they can only be seen under the microscope, the cardiovascular system, our body's lifeline.
The circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels, including arteries, veins and capillaries. Our bodies have two circuits: pulmonary (pronounced: in-trouble-Ner-ee) circulation is a short loop from the heart to the lungs and back again, and system (pronounced Si-stem-ik)-flow (system we normally think of as our circulatory system) sends blood from the heart back to all other parts of our body and back.
The heart is the central point in the cycle. As a hollow, muscular pump, its main function to carry blood through the body. They usually kill 60 to 100 times per minute, but can go much faster when needed. It beats about 100,000 times per day, more than 30 million times a year, and about 2.5 billion times in the 70-year life.
The heart receives messages from the body, which say that if the pump is more or less blood depending on a person 's needs. If we 're asleep, but just enough to calm pump a smaller amount of oxygen our body needs, too. If we 're power, or fear, the heart pumps faster to get more oxygen to our body.
The heart has four chambers that are enclosed by thick, muscular walls. It lies between the lungs and the left half of the ribcage. The lower part of the heart is divided into two chambers, which pump than the right and left ventricle blood from the heart. Wall called the septum divides the chamber.
The upper part of the heart consists of two chambers of the heart, as right and left atria (pronounced: ay-tree uh). Right and left the hall to the blood to the heart. Wall called the interatrial (pronounced: in-tur-ay-tree-ul) bulkhead divides the atria, and they 'from the chamber, the AV (pronounced: ay-tree self-re-oh-trick-out yoo - LUR ) valve.
Two other cardiac valves separate chambers and major blood vessels leading to blood from the heart. These valves are called the pulmonary valve that separates the right ventricle, pulmonary artery leading to the lungs, and aortic valve, which separates the left ventricle from the aorta, \ the body's largest blood vessel.
I hope that this cardiovascular system description will be easy to read for kids!
Cardiovascular system (also called the cardiovascular system) is a network, the blood to the body's own tissues. With each heartbeat sends blood through our body, carrying oxygen and nutrients into our cells. Every day about 10 liters (5) liters of blood in the body to travel many times through about 60,000 miles (96,560 km), the blood vessels that branch and cross, whereby the cells in our bodies and body parts. Of hard-working heart of our thickest arteries, capillaries so thin that they can only be seen under the microscope, the cardiovascular system, our body's lifeline.
The circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels, including arteries, veins and capillaries. Our bodies have two circuits: pulmonary (pronounced: in-trouble-Ner-ee) circulation is a short loop from the heart to the lungs and back again, and system (pronounced Si-stem-ik)-flow (system we normally think of as our circulatory system) sends blood from the heart back to all other parts of our body and back.
The heart is the central point in the cycle. As a hollow, muscular pump, its main function to carry blood through the body. They usually kill 60 to 100 times per minute, but can go much faster when needed. It beats about 100,000 times per day, more than 30 million times a year, and about 2.5 billion times in the 70-year life.
The heart receives messages from the body, which say that if the pump is more or less blood depending on a person 's needs. If we 're asleep, but just enough to calm pump a smaller amount of oxygen our body needs, too. If we 're power, or fear, the heart pumps faster to get more oxygen to our body.
The heart has four chambers that are enclosed by thick, muscular walls. It lies between the lungs and the left half of the ribcage. The lower part of the heart is divided into two chambers, which pump than the right and left ventricle blood from the heart. Wall called the septum divides the chamber.
The upper part of the heart consists of two chambers of the heart, as right and left atria (pronounced: ay-tree uh). Right and left the hall to the blood to the heart. Wall called the interatrial (pronounced: in-tur-ay-tree-ul) bulkhead divides the atria, and they 'from the chamber, the AV (pronounced: ay-tree self-re-oh-trick-out yoo - LUR ) valve.
Two other cardiac valves separate chambers and major blood vessels leading to blood from the heart. These valves are called the pulmonary valve that separates the right ventricle, pulmonary artery leading to the lungs, and aortic valve, which separates the left ventricle from the aorta, \ the body's largest blood vessel.
I hope that this cardiovascular system description will be easy to read for kids!
Cardioversion vs defibrillation
Cardioversion vs defibrillation information.
Defibrillation - treatment immediately life-threatening arrhythmias, with whom the patient is no pulse, ie ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT).
Cardioversion - is a process to convert the arrhythmia back to sinus rhythm. Electrical cardioversion is used when a patient has a pulse, but is either unstable or not, or chemical cardioversion is unlikely to be successful. These scenarios can be associated, pulmonary edema, syncope, and hypotension with pain in the chest.
The goal of both is to electricity to stun the heart, a second supply to the heart so that normal sinus rhythm in their hearts to dig through the normal electrical center, ie the sinus node.
History of cardioversion vs defibrillation debate.
At the end of the 18th Century Prevost and Batelli, two physiologists conducted shock experiments on the heart of dogs. Your use of electric shocks and found that small shocks, the dogs had the heart to stop VF, and the greater shock. It was the first time in humans by Claude Beck, cardiothoracic surgeons applied - congenital heart defects in 14 years-old boy undergoing cardiac surgery. The electrodes were placed in an open heart.
Closed chest defibrillation has been identified only in 1950 "Holy Russia. But it was not until 1959 that Bernard Lown modern monophasic defibrillator developed. This is for the charging capacitor, and delivers a shock paddles for a few milliseconds. In 1980 's Two-phase course was found. The shock set at the lower levels of energy, as well as monophasic shocks effectively. Antiarrhythmics versus Court ICD (AVID) reported that the survival rates later inserted in patients with ICD for VF, VT (with syncope or sustained VT with a low ejection fraction, compared with drugs) is usually amiodarone. This process, together with two other randomized clinical trials (Canadian Implantable Defibrillator trial and cardiac arrest study Hamburg) gave a total of 15-23% reduction in the risk of mortality in patients with ICD.
It was very concerned that ICD therapy is not cost effective. Each unit will cost tens of thousands of pounds. Further work in this area is currently underway.
Cardioversion vs defibrillation debate is open. Those two methods have its own advantages and disadvantages.
Defibrillation - treatment immediately life-threatening arrhythmias, with whom the patient is no pulse, ie ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT).
Cardioversion - is a process to convert the arrhythmia back to sinus rhythm. Electrical cardioversion is used when a patient has a pulse, but is either unstable or not, or chemical cardioversion is unlikely to be successful. These scenarios can be associated, pulmonary edema, syncope, and hypotension with pain in the chest.
The goal of both is to electricity to stun the heart, a second supply to the heart so that normal sinus rhythm in their hearts to dig through the normal electrical center, ie the sinus node.
History of cardioversion vs defibrillation debate.
At the end of the 18th Century Prevost and Batelli, two physiologists conducted shock experiments on the heart of dogs. Your use of electric shocks and found that small shocks, the dogs had the heart to stop VF, and the greater shock. It was the first time in humans by Claude Beck, cardiothoracic surgeons applied - congenital heart defects in 14 years-old boy undergoing cardiac surgery. The electrodes were placed in an open heart.
Closed chest defibrillation has been identified only in 1950 "Holy Russia. But it was not until 1959 that Bernard Lown modern monophasic defibrillator developed. This is for the charging capacitor, and delivers a shock paddles for a few milliseconds. In 1980 's Two-phase course was found. The shock set at the lower levels of energy, as well as monophasic shocks effectively. Antiarrhythmics versus Court ICD (AVID) reported that the survival rates later inserted in patients with ICD for VF, VT (with syncope or sustained VT with a low ejection fraction, compared with drugs) is usually amiodarone. This process, together with two other randomized clinical trials (Canadian Implantable Defibrillator trial and cardiac arrest study Hamburg) gave a total of 15-23% reduction in the risk of mortality in patients with ICD.
It was very concerned that ICD therapy is not cost effective. Each unit will cost tens of thousands of pounds. Further work in this area is currently underway.
Cardioversion vs defibrillation debate is open. Those two methods have its own advantages and disadvantages.
piątek, 8 stycznia 2010
Phaseolamin phase 2
As in JAMA soon phaseolamin phase 2 products, the efficiency and stability is lacking to make any changes in vivo. In addition, impurities included GI distress caused symptoms including bloating. The end of 1990 was created the first standardized intensity windows "Phase 2 Carb Controller " (also known as StarchLite).
Phase 2 neutralizes some of the digestive enzyme alpha amylase, temporarily delaying digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, so that some of them through the system before they can be converted into glucose and then fat. Phaseolamin Phase 2 will be generally recognized as safe by independent toxicologists and usually has side effects.
Phase 2 is used as an ingredient that can be formulated in various dietary supplements for weight loss, food and beverages available. It is also sold as a "StarchLite " in Europe.
Phase 2 neutralizes some of the digestive enzyme alpha amylase, temporarily delaying digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, so that some of them through the system before they can be converted into glucose and then fat. Phaseolamin Phase 2 will be generally recognized as safe by independent toxicologists and usually has side effects.
Phase 2 is used as an ingredient that can be formulated in various dietary supplements for weight loss, food and beverages available. It is also sold as a "StarchLite " in Europe.
środa, 6 stycznia 2010
Pulmonary artery pressure monitoring.
Some controls are) manual (ie, direct observation and physical examination, pulmonary artery pressure monitoring and intermittent, with a frequency depending on the patient 's disease. This monitoring typically involves the measurement of vital signs (temperature, BP, pulse and respiration), quantification of fluid intake and output, and often daily weight. BP can be recorded by automated blood pressure monitor is transcutaneous sensor for pulse oximetry also be used. Other pulmonary artery pressure monitoring and training is ongoing and has assumed comprehensive facilities, the special training and experience. To generate most of these facilities to an alarm when certain thresholds are physiological parameters. Everyone should be strictly observed ICU protocols investigation alarms.
Human heart structure and function.
Human heart is enclosed in double-walled alley called pericardium. The surface of the fibrous sac called the pericardium. The bag protects the heart, anchor of the surrounding structures to prevent overcrowding and the heart with blood. It is on the front and back is the spine to the sternum. Size of the heart is the size of a fist, and weighs between 250 to 350 g. The heart consists of three layers, all rich in blood vessels. On the heart surface layer, visceral layer, middle layer, heart attack, and a third layer, the endocardium. The heart has four chambers, two atria and two large lower chamber. Atria are the receiving chambers and chambers of the performance of the chamber. Path of blood through the heart consists of pulmonary circulation and systemic circuits. The blood flows through the heart in one direction, from atrias the chamber, and if the large artery or aorta, for example. This is achieved by four valves, the tricuspid valve atrioventicular, atrioventicular mitral, aortic and pulmonary semilunar valve semilunar valve.
Heart Anathomy - Heart Structure
The structure of the heart is different for the different sectors of animal life. (See circulatory system.) Cephalopods have two "Gill Heart " and "the heart of the system ". In vertebrates, the heart from the chest of the body is removed in the intestine. It is always steady but by the pericardium, which can usually surrounded a different structure, with the peritoneum in jawless and cartilaginous fishes.
Heart development in embryo. Heart anathomy.
Embryonic heart rate (EHR) then accelerates around 100 BPM during the early months of the strike reaches 165-185 BPM in the early 7th Weeks (early 9th week after LMP). This acceleration is approximately 3.3 BPM per day, or about 10 BPM every three days, an increase of 100 BPM in the first month. [4] After 9.1 weeks after the LMP, is slowly to about 152 BPM (+ / -25 BPM) during the 15th Weeks after the LMP. After 15 weeks an average deceleration deceleration rate of approximately 145 (+ / -25 BPM) BPM at term. Regression equation that this acceleration before the embryo is up to 25 mm, crown-rump length or 9.2 LMP discusses week: Age in days = EHR (0.3) 6. There is no difference in male and female heart before birth.
Heart Anathomy - Heart Development
Mammalian heart mesoderm from embryonic germ cells, which differentiate after gastrulation in the mesothelium, endothelium, and myocardium derived. Mesothelial pericardium forms the outer lining of the heart. The inner lining of the heart, lymph and blood vessels, the development of the endothelium. Infarction developed into heart muscle cells. By splanchnopleuric developed cardiogenic plate mesoderm tissue superiorly and laterally to the neural plate. In the cardiogenic plate, two separate angiogenic cell clusters form on either side of the embryo.
Each cell cluster merges with endocardial tube continuous with the dorsal aorta and vitteloumbilical vein. As embryonic tissue continues to happen, the two endocardial tubes inserted into the chest cavity, begins to connect and complete the merger process approximately 21 days. Human embryonic heart begins beating approximately 21 days after conception, or five weeks after the last normal menstrual period (LMP).
First day of LMP is often used to indicate the start of pregnancy (pregnancy) a day. It is not known how the blood circulates in the human embryo during the first 21 days in the absence of a functioning heart. The human heart begins to beat at peace with his mother, about 75-80 beats per minute (BPM).
People who entered this article searched for:
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Each cell cluster merges with endocardial tube continuous with the dorsal aorta and vitteloumbilical vein. As embryonic tissue continues to happen, the two endocardial tubes inserted into the chest cavity, begins to connect and complete the merger process approximately 21 days. Human embryonic heart begins beating approximately 21 days after conception, or five weeks after the last normal menstrual period (LMP).
First day of LMP is often used to indicate the start of pregnancy (pregnancy) a day. It is not known how the blood circulates in the human embryo during the first 21 days in the absence of a functioning heart. The human heart begins to beat at peace with his mother, about 75-80 beats per minute (BPM).
People who entered this article searched for:
heart development animation
heart development book
heart development during pregnancy
heart development in embryo
heart development in fetus
heart development in utero
heart development ppt
heart development pregnancy
heart development timeline
heart development video
wtorek, 5 stycznia 2010
Lugarics disease
The motor neuron disease (MND) is a collective term used for a range of Motor Neuron Disease: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) and progressive lateral sclerosis (PLS). MND is the term used internationally whilst ALS is often in the United States (where it) is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, the famous patient to all forms of MND. It was first described by Jean-Martin Charcot, French neurologist, in 1869 and in France, because the disease is known as Maladie de Charcot (Charcot 's disease). Signs and symptoms of onset of symptoms is usually between 40-70 years (mean 55). Disorder is characterized by progressive loss of voluntary muscle contraction due to the destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that are responsible for the promotion of voluntary muscles. During the first symptoms of Lugarics disease are subtle, the disease causes progressive physical disabilities. Mental function and physical sensation is spared, although many patients show symptoms of depression, as they deteriorate. Diagnosis of the Lugarics disease - The diagnosis is both clinical and is based also on grounds, and electromyography (EMG) analysis to show the spread mandatory loss of nerve stimulation of the muscles in the limbs, face and abdomen.Clinically, it can find signs of motor neuron damage (eg, spasticity, lively reflexes and Babinski sign), while the lower motor neurons show weakness and wasting. Bulbar muscle weakness can also be seen (difficulty breathing or swallowing, coughing and speaking). Neuroimaging tests are usually performed to rule out other causes, such as a mass in the upper part of the spinal cord. Causes of Lugarics disease - Most cases of MND are "sporadic ", although it indicated that the occurrence is triggered by viral infections. At least 4 genes are known to be associated with ALS in combination: SOD1, ALS2, NEFH and VAPB. Only ~ 10% of the cases were identified genetic - inherited causes for the remaining 90% are not known. SOD1 gene codes for an enzyme superoxide dismutase, reduced oxidative stress in nerve cells. Thus far, were found more than 100 different mutations in the SOD1 gene, which is any form of ALS.
Similar findings have led researchers assume that nerve cell death caused by an excess of free radicals in the cell. This hypothesis has developed one of the many others to describe the etiology of ALS / MND and is waiting to be reliably determined. Skeletal muscle stimulated groups of neurons (lower motor neurons) are projected onto the front of the spinal cord to the muscle cells are, and these nerve cells) are a group of neurons (upper motor neurons that project from an area called the motor area in the frontal lobe is stimulated. This projection is as corticospinal tract. Shrink in MNS, nerve cells and pathways and to die. On macroscopic pathology of Lugarics disease, the degeneration of the spinal anterior horn and atrophy of the anterior roots (shrunken appearance. Similarly, degeneration of motor neurons seen in the brainstem. Loss of neurons and astrogliosis is developing well. Degeneration of corticospinal paths as well as in the motor neurons of the cerebral cortex Strip, is known. It is a role in excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, probably secondary mitochondrial dysfunction. In animal models, has, death by apoptosis have been identified (tranlocation of Bax to mitochondria, cytochrome c and the relocation) in the cytoplasm. MND has three major subgroups called primary lateral sclerosis (PLS, only the upper motor neurons are affected), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA, only the lower motor neurons are affected) and ALS (both are affected). PCS and PMA each represent about 5% of cases, with most diagnoses ALS. The incidence of MND is approximately 1-5 of 100,000 people, and men are 20% higher than the number of cases in women. Approximately 5,600 cases in the U.S. are diagnosed each year (Lugarics disease). The disease is usually a grave prognosis and 50% of patients die within the first 3 years, 20% of the population live survive 5 or more years ago, only 10% for 10 or more years. There are documented cases of people who live over 35 years after diagnosis, Stephen Hawking lives more than 42 years since his (1963) Lugarics disease diagnosis. MND rarer subgroups have a better prognosis than ALS, PMA people are more likely to "long survivors ', ie> 5 years, while people with PLS actually have a normal life. ALS and PMA, mortality is usually caused by the weakness of the respiratory complications of prolonged paralysis. Treatment of Lugarics Disease is essentially supportive and symptomatic. Many patients may require modifications to their environment as they progressively become more physically impaired. Riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamate, can the progression of ALS in selected patients. In the meantime, using some experimental drugs in the setup process, of which) many disturbances in the oxidative stress in cells (presumed mechanism, but only limited success. Some current promising research to cure is through gene therapy and the use of stem cells, ethical and legal problems, harvesting stem cells is slowing progress, focusing especially in the United States. Etymology Amyotrophic comes from the Greek language. -Means "no ", myo refers to "muscles and trophic " food "means, amyotrophic therefore means " no muscle nourishment, "which describes the typical sufferer atrophication 's not used muscle tissue. side are the areas in a person 's spinal cord, where are the nerve cells that are affected by Lugarics Disease. As this area degenerates, leading to scarring or hardening "sclerosis " in this region. History and prominent of Lugarics disease patients, Lou Gehrig brought national and international attention for the disease in 1939, when he abruptly from baseball after he is diagnosed with ALS / MND. Former guitar virtuoso Jason Becker, a theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking and former soccer player Jimmy Johnstone Celtic also suffer from the disease. Founder and nursing Leonard Cheshire VC, Rangers footballer Sam English, Hall of Fame pitcher Jim "Catfish " Hunter, a blues singer and guitarist Leadbelly, jazz giant Charles Mingus, Hollywood actor David Niven, the legendary Leeds United manager Don Revie, American soap opera veteran Michael Zaslow and Chinese Chairman Mao Zedong died of the Lugarics disease.
Similar findings have led researchers assume that nerve cell death caused by an excess of free radicals in the cell. This hypothesis has developed one of the many others to describe the etiology of ALS / MND and is waiting to be reliably determined. Skeletal muscle stimulated groups of neurons (lower motor neurons) are projected onto the front of the spinal cord to the muscle cells are, and these nerve cells) are a group of neurons (upper motor neurons that project from an area called the motor area in the frontal lobe is stimulated. This projection is as corticospinal tract. Shrink in MNS, nerve cells and pathways and to die. On macroscopic pathology of Lugarics disease, the degeneration of the spinal anterior horn and atrophy of the anterior roots (shrunken appearance. Similarly, degeneration of motor neurons seen in the brainstem. Loss of neurons and astrogliosis is developing well. Degeneration of corticospinal paths as well as in the motor neurons of the cerebral cortex Strip, is known. It is a role in excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, probably secondary mitochondrial dysfunction. In animal models, has, death by apoptosis have been identified (tranlocation of Bax to mitochondria, cytochrome c and the relocation) in the cytoplasm. MND has three major subgroups called primary lateral sclerosis (PLS, only the upper motor neurons are affected), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA, only the lower motor neurons are affected) and ALS (both are affected). PCS and PMA each represent about 5% of cases, with most diagnoses ALS. The incidence of MND is approximately 1-5 of 100,000 people, and men are 20% higher than the number of cases in women. Approximately 5,600 cases in the U.S. are diagnosed each year (Lugarics disease). The disease is usually a grave prognosis and 50% of patients die within the first 3 years, 20% of the population live survive 5 or more years ago, only 10% for 10 or more years. There are documented cases of people who live over 35 years after diagnosis, Stephen Hawking lives more than 42 years since his (1963) Lugarics disease diagnosis. MND rarer subgroups have a better prognosis than ALS, PMA people are more likely to "long survivors ', ie> 5 years, while people with PLS actually have a normal life. ALS and PMA, mortality is usually caused by the weakness of the respiratory complications of prolonged paralysis. Treatment of Lugarics Disease is essentially supportive and symptomatic. Many patients may require modifications to their environment as they progressively become more physically impaired. Riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamate, can the progression of ALS in selected patients. In the meantime, using some experimental drugs in the setup process, of which) many disturbances in the oxidative stress in cells (presumed mechanism, but only limited success. Some current promising research to cure is through gene therapy and the use of stem cells, ethical and legal problems, harvesting stem cells is slowing progress, focusing especially in the United States. Etymology Amyotrophic comes from the Greek language. -Means "no ", myo refers to "muscles and trophic " food "means, amyotrophic therefore means " no muscle nourishment, "which describes the typical sufferer atrophication 's not used muscle tissue. side are the areas in a person 's spinal cord, where are the nerve cells that are affected by Lugarics Disease. As this area degenerates, leading to scarring or hardening "sclerosis " in this region. History and prominent of Lugarics disease patients, Lou Gehrig brought national and international attention for the disease in 1939, when he abruptly from baseball after he is diagnosed with ALS / MND. Former guitar virtuoso Jason Becker, a theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking and former soccer player Jimmy Johnstone Celtic also suffer from the disease. Founder and nursing Leonard Cheshire VC, Rangers footballer Sam English, Hall of Fame pitcher Jim "Catfish " Hunter, a blues singer and guitarist Leadbelly, jazz giant Charles Mingus, Hollywood actor David Niven, the legendary Leeds United manager Don Revie, American soap opera veteran Michael Zaslow and Chinese Chairman Mao Zedong died of the Lugarics disease.
poniedziałek, 28 grudnia 2009
Phaseolamin - alpha amylase informations. How does it works?
When we use name Phaseolamin, we have in mind a generic name of drug inhibiting the production of alpha-amylase enzyme. White beans are the origin of phaseolamin. First trial tests of Phaseolamin compounds did not revealed potency behind this substance. It was only known later when clinical trial results were performed. Placebo controlled trials showed that Phaseolamin have some very interesting dietetary effect on human beings. There were no adverse effects seen during tests.
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